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In politics today

S. Jaishankar

BJP

External Affairs Minister since 2019 and a career diplomat before that — Foreign Secretary, then Ambassador to the US and China. Operation Sindoor's May 2025 diplomacy, new trade deals with the UAE and Australia, and 'Why Bharat Matters', his case for a civilizational Indian foreign policy.

Furthest from the middle on Nation, toward Majoritarian.

Where they stand

S. Jaishankar on each of the seven scales, from one pole to the other.

  • Welfare

    −1.5
    Expansive state provisionMinimal/targeted provision
  • State-led developmentMarket-led development
  • Formal equalityGroup remedies
  • Nation

    +6.0
    PluralistMajoritarian
  • Civil libertiesStrong state
  • Personal autonomyTraditional norms
  • CentreStates

The record, axis by axis

Every placement is scored on what was said and done — manifestos, legislation, the governing record — and calibrated against the same trade-offs the quiz asks about.

  1. Welfare

    −1.5
    Expansive state provisionMinimal/targeted provision

    Placement confidencelow

    Not a portfolio he has held; defends PMGKAY's free-grain extension and Ayushman Bharat abroad as India's development story, inside the government's targeted-delivery frame rather than any welfare programme of his own

  2. State-led developmentMarket-led development

    Placement confidencemedium

    Negotiated the UAE CEPA (2022), the Australia ECTA and the 2025 EFTA trade pact, and pushes an ongoing UK FTA — market-opening diplomacy paired with 'de-risking' language on critical minerals and semiconductors that keeps a state-directed edge

  3. Formal equalityGroup remedies

    Placement confidencelow

    No caste-policy record; carries the government's EWS and anti-caste-census positions in international forums without adding to them

  4. Nation

    +6.0
    PluralistMajoritarian

    Placement confidencemedium

    'Why Bharat Matters' (2024) frames foreign policy around a continuous Hindu civilizational identity, defends Article 370's abrogation and the CAA to foreign media, and dismisses Western 'human rights' framing of India as double standards

  5. Civil libertiesStrong state

    Placement confidencelow

    Publicly rebuffs foreign and UN criticism of India's counter-terror and surveillance record as interference, and framed Operation Sindoor's May 2025 strikes in a five-point zero-tolerance doctrine — a foreign-facing register with no domestic security portfolio behind it — a diplomat's defence of the security state rather than a domestic authority record of his own

  6. Personal autonomyTraditional norms

    Placement confidencelow

    No stated position on personal-autonomy questions; represents the government's line on the Supreme Court same-sex marriage case without adding to it

  7. CentreStates

    Placement confidencelow

    A Gujarat Rajya Sabha MP inside a highly centralised foreign-policy apparatus, with no independent position on devolution, Governors or ONOE

And where do you stand?

Answer the same trade-offs yourself and get your seven readings, on the scales you just read.

Nearest to them

The figures