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In history

Lal Bahadur Shastri

1904–1966

Prime Minister 1964–66. 'Jai Jawan Jai Kisan' bound soldier and farmer into one idea of the national interest; he set the Green Revolution in motion, steered the country through the 1965 war, and governed with an austerity and personal integrity still cited as the standard.

Furthest from the middle on Welfare, toward Expansive state provision.

Where they stand

Lal Bahadur Shastri on each of the seven scales, from one pole to the other.

  • Welfare

    −5.0
    Expansive state provisionMinimal/targeted provision
  • Markets

    −5.0
    State-led developmentMarket-led development
  • Formal equalityGroup remedies
  • Nation

    −5.0
    PluralistMajoritarian
  • Authority

    −3.0
    Civil libertiesStrong state
  • Personal autonomyTraditional norms
  • CentreStates

The record, axis by axis

Every placement is scored on what was said and done — manifestos, legislation, the governing record — and calibrated against the same trade-offs the quiz asks about.

  1. Welfare

    −5.0
    Expansive state provisionMinimal/targeted provision

    Placement confidencemedium

    Continued Nehruvian planning, but met the 1965 food crisis with a public appeal to skip a meal and PL-480 imports rather than a new entitlement

  2. Markets

    −5.0
    State-led developmentMarket-led development

    Placement confidencemedium

    State-led in form — he created the Food Corporation of India and the Agricultural Prices Commission that MSP descends from — but the Green Revolution and the Amul cooperative model worked through producer price incentives

  3. Formal equalityGroup remedies

    Placement confidencemedium

    As Home Minister he circulated the 1961 advice to states that backwardness be assessed on economic rather than caste tests

  4. Nation

    −5.0
    PluralistMajoritarian

    Placement confidencemedium

    Secularist who pushed National Integration Council follow-through after the 1964 riots, and after the 1965 war chose a negotiated settlement over territorial claims

  5. Authority

    −3.0
    Civil libertiesStrong state

    Placement confidencemedium

    Created the CBI in 1963 and modernised the police, but resigned as Railway Minister over an accident and governed a war without emergency powers or censorship

  6. Personal autonomyTraditional norms

    Placement confidencelow

    Personally austere and observant, with no social-reform programme; most of this axis's issue space was not live in his time

  7. CentreStates

    Placement confidencemedium

    Defused the 1965 anti-Hindi agitation by conceding that English would continue as long as non-Hindi states wanted it

And where do you stand?

Answer the same trade-offs yourself and get your seven readings, on the scales you just read.

Nearest to them

The figures