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In history

Bhagat Singh

1907–1931

Revolutionary executed at 23. The assembly bomb as 'a voice to the deaf', prison hunger strikes, and the essays — 'Why I Am an Atheist' — that made him the socialist, rationalist icon both flanks now claim.

Furthest from the middle on Nation, toward Pluralist.

Where they stand

Bhagat Singh on each of the seven scales, from one pole to the other.

  • Welfare

    −8.0
    Expansive state provisionMinimal/targeted provision
  • Markets

    −8.0
    State-led developmentMarket-led development
  • Formal equalityGroup remedies
  • Nation

    −9.0
    PluralistMajoritarian
  • Authority

    −1.0
    Civil libertiesStrong state
  • Culture

    −6.0
    Personal autonomyTraditional norms
  • CentreStates

The record, axis by axis

Every placement is scored on what was said and done — manifestos, legislation, the governing record — and calibrated against the same trade-offs the quiz asks about.

  1. Welfare

    −8.0
    Expansive state provisionMinimal/targeted provision

    Placement confidencehigh

    The HSRA manifesto and 'To Young Political Workers' call for a workers' and peasants' state as the point of independence

  2. Markets

    −8.0
    State-led developmentMarket-led development

    Placement confidencehigh

    An avowed revolutionary socialist citing Marx and Lenin, wanting the means of production socialised

  3. Formal equalityGroup remedies

    Placement confidencemedium

    'Achhut ka Sawal' (1928) told untouchables to organise separately and claim representation rather than wait for reform from above

  4. Nation

    −9.0
    PluralistMajoritarian

    Placement confidencehigh

    'Why I Am an Atheist' and 'Communal Riots and their Solution' (1928), which blamed religious leaders and the press by name

  5. Authority

    −1.0
    Civil libertiesStrong state

    Placement confidencemedium

    Threw a bomb in the Assembly and shot Saunders — but the socialism he argued for implies a strong revolutionary state, and this axis's issue space is entirely later

  6. Culture

    −6.0
    Personal autonomyTraditional norms

    Placement confidencelow

    Atheist and anti-caste, hostile to religious orthodoxy, though he left almost nothing on gender, family or sexual autonomy

  7. CentreStates

    Placement confidencelow

    The HSRA envisaged a unitary socialist republic; he wrote nothing on Centre-state power as we now argue it

And where do you stand?

Answer the same trade-offs yourself and get your seven readings, on the scales you just read.

Nearest to them

The figures